See -sh on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "sqj-pro",
"3": "*-us-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian *-us-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-wes-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-wes-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "from Proto-Albanian *-us- from Proto-Indo-European *-wes-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ësh",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ysh",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-sh m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form a secondary suffix"
],
"id": "en--sh-sq-suffix-6qUUCrAg",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-sh"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ish",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "emphatic suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"g": "",
"g2": ""
},
"expansion": "-sh",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "e"
},
"expansion": "-sh",
"name": "gv-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Manx entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-self (emphatic)"
],
"id": "en--sh-gv-suffix-lqO7Y7cW",
"links": [
[
"-self",
"-self"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-yn"
},
{
"word": "-syn"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-sh"
}
{
"etymology_text": "A reduced form of -shąʼ or -ísh.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nv",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-sh",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Navajo",
"lang_code": "nv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "64 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo interrogative particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What is your name?",
"text": "Daash yinílyé?",
"translation": "What is your name?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-shąʼ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"reduced form of -shąʼ."
],
"id": "en--sh-nv-suffix-5EjkkfQw",
"links": [
[
"-shąʼ",
"-shąʼ#Navajo"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(interrogative particle) reduced form of -shąʼ."
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"interrogative",
"morpheme",
"particle",
"reduced"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Is this the road to Kayenta?",
"text": "Daʼ díísh Tó Dinéeshzheeʼgóó atiin?",
"translation": "Is this the road to Kayenta?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-ísh"
}
],
"glosses": [
"reduced form of -ísh."
],
"id": "en--sh-nv-suffix-4uSGfeel",
"links": [
[
"-ísh",
"-ísh#Navajo"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(interrogative particle) reduced form of -ísh."
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"interrogative",
"morpheme",
"particle",
"reduced"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-ʃ/"
}
],
"word": "-sh"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oj",
"2": "adverb",
"cat2": "conjunctive adverbs"
},
"expansion": "-sh",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"lang_code": "oj",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "dash"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
13
]
],
"english": "The wigwam was big.",
"text": "Gii-michaa-sh i’iw wiigiwaam.",
"translation": "The wigwam was big.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of dash"
],
"id": "en--sh-oj-adv-i7LKqxxY",
"links": [
[
"dash",
"dash#Ojibwe"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "-sh"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oj",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-sh",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"lang_code": "oj",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 6 0 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 3 0 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ojibwe entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A suffix denoting the pejorative form of a noun that ends in a long vowel."
],
"id": "en--sh-oj-suffix-ow9aVKEl",
"links": [
[
"pejorative",
"pejorative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-sh"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-sh",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Quechua",
"lang_code": "qu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-s"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Quechua entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative spelling of -s"
],
"id": "en--sh-qu-suffix-fvnrQgp~",
"links": [
[
"-s",
"-s#Quechua"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-sh"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "sqj-pro",
"3": "*-us-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian *-us-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-wes-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-wes-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "from Proto-Albanian *-us- from Proto-Indo-European *-wes-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ësh",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ysh",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-sh m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Albanian lemmas",
"Albanian masculine suffixes",
"Albanian suffixes",
"Albanian terms derived from Proto-Albanian",
"Albanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Albanian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"used to form a secondary suffix"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-sh"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ish",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "emphatic suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"g": "",
"g2": ""
},
"expansion": "-sh",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "e"
},
"expansion": "-sh",
"name": "gv-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-yn"
},
{
"word": "-syn"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Manx emphatic suffixes",
"Manx entries with incorrect language header",
"Manx lemmas",
"Manx suffixes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"-self (emphatic)"
],
"links": [
[
"-self",
"-self"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-sh"
}
{
"categories": [
"Navajo entries with incorrect language header",
"Navajo interrogative particles",
"Navajo lemmas",
"Navajo links with redundant alt parameters",
"Navajo suffixes",
"Navajo terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_text": "A reduced form of -shąʼ or -ísh.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nv",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-sh",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Navajo",
"lang_code": "nv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Navajo links with redundant alt parameters",
"Navajo terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What is your name?",
"text": "Daash yinílyé?",
"translation": "What is your name?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-shąʼ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"reduced form of -shąʼ."
],
"links": [
[
"-shąʼ",
"-shąʼ#Navajo"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(interrogative particle) reduced form of -shąʼ."
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"interrogative",
"morpheme",
"particle",
"reduced"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Navajo terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Is this the road to Kayenta?",
"text": "Daʼ díísh Tó Dinéeshzheeʼgóó atiin?",
"translation": "Is this the road to Kayenta?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-ísh"
}
],
"glosses": [
"reduced form of -ísh."
],
"links": [
[
"-ísh",
"-ísh#Navajo"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(interrogative particle) reduced form of -ísh."
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"interrogative",
"morpheme",
"particle",
"reduced"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-ʃ/"
}
],
"word": "-sh"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ojibwe adverbs",
"Ojibwe conjunctive adverbs",
"Ojibwe entries with incorrect language header",
"Ojibwe lemmas",
"Ojibwe noun suffixes",
"Ojibwe suffixes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oj",
"2": "adverb",
"cat2": "conjunctive adverbs"
},
"expansion": "-sh",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"lang_code": "oj",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "dash"
}
],
"categories": [
"Ojibwe terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
13
]
],
"english": "The wigwam was big.",
"text": "Gii-michaa-sh i’iw wiigiwaam.",
"translation": "The wigwam was big.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of dash"
],
"links": [
[
"dash",
"dash#Ojibwe"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "-sh"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ojibwe adverbs",
"Ojibwe conjunctive adverbs",
"Ojibwe entries with incorrect language header",
"Ojibwe lemmas",
"Ojibwe noun suffixes",
"Ojibwe suffixes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oj",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-sh",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"lang_code": "oj",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A suffix denoting the pejorative form of a noun that ends in a long vowel."
],
"links": [
[
"pejorative",
"pejorative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-sh"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-sh",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Quechua",
"lang_code": "qu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-s"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Quechua entries with incorrect language header",
"Quechua lemmas",
"Quechua suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative spelling of -s"
],
"links": [
[
"-s",
"-s#Quechua"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-sh"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -sh meaning in All languages combined (5.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.